Exception handling is a programming concept that deals with the occurrence of exceptional or unexpected events during the execution of a program. These events, known as exceptions, can disrupt the normal flow of a program and may lead to errors if not properly addressed. Exception handling provides a mechanism to gracefully handle such situations, allowing programs to respond to errors and continue running in a controlled manner.
Here are key components and concepts related to exception handling:
Exception: An exception is an abnormal event or error that occurs during the execution of a program. Examples include division by zero, attempting to access an array element beyond its bounds, or trying to open a file that doesn't exist.
Try Block: The "try" block contains the code that might throw an exception. It is the section of code where the program attempts to execute potentially problematic statements.
Catch Block: The "catch" block follows the "try" block and specifies the code that should be executed if a specific type of exception occurs. Each "catch" block is associated with a particular type of exception.
Throw Statement: The "throw" statement is used to explicitly throw an exception. It is typically used when a specific condition is detected, and the programmer wants to interrupt the normal flow of the program.
Finally Block: The "finally" block contains code that is executed regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not. This block is often used for cleanup operations, such as closing files or releasing resources.
Effective exception handling is crucial for writing robust and reliable software. It helps prevent unexpected crashes, provides meaningful error messages, and allows for controlled recovery from exceptional situations.
