HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and XML (eXtensible Markup Language) are both markup languages, but they serve distinct purposes and exhibit key differences in their design and applications. HTML is primarily crafted for structuring and presenting content on the web. It employs predefined tags such as <p> for paragraphs and <h1> for headings, creating a structured and standardized representation of web pages. HTML's focus is on defining the visual layout and presentation of information, often complemented by styling through Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
On the other hand, XML is designed for describing data and facilitating communication between diverse systems. Unlike HTML, XML allows users to define their own tags, offering a high level of flexibility and extensibility. This makes XML suitable for various applications, including storing and transporting data, configuring software, and facilitating data exchange between different applications. XML's syntax is more strict, requiring adherence to a defined Document Type Definition (DTD) or XML Schema Definition (XSD), and it supports user-defined namespaces for incorporating diverse vocabularies. While HTML is concerned with presenting information on the web, XML is focused on structuring data for broader interoperability and information exchange between applications.
